Minor issues in home maintenance can escalate into expensive repairs or possibly even remodels. Routine maintenance checks do not take much time and could save hundreds, if not thousands, of dollars. This is especially true when dealing with plumbing issues, as water leaks can cause significant damage to carpeting, flooring, electrical systems, and other necessary components. There are seven easy ways to detect water leak sources in a plumbing system before they become a significant issue.
Fortunately, some experts know how to complete the job efficiently while minimizing the risk of damage to surrounding areas. This can save homeowners costly future repairs and give them peace of mind.
Why Water Leaks Sometimes Go Unnoticed
Water leaks often go unnoticed because they occur in unusual places that are not visible, such as behind walls or insulation. Many homeowners are unaware of hidden water leaks until they notice water damage on a wall or see a spike in their utility bill. Calling a plumber when a problem is detected is best to prevent further damage, which can prove costly and negatively affect your health.
Some signs of water damage are apparent. For instance, if your kitchen floors are soggy or sagging, this could be an issue with the dishwasher’s supply line. Another common occurrence occurs in the HVAC system, with numerous moving parts that filter out condensation. Over time, the connection lines on both units can deteriorate and crack, resulting in leaks and unsightly water stains on the floors or walls.
Common Sources of Water Leaks
According to the EPA, “The average household’s leaks can account for more than 10,000 gallons of water wasted every year, or the amount of water needed to wash 270 loads of laundry.” That is a startling statistic that diligent homeowners can help reduce by monitoring signs of common leaks and preventing them from getting larger and causing more damage.
Common leaks include worn toilet flappers, dripping faucets, and leaking faucets. Generally, each repair is inexpensive and easy to do on your own. However, some leaks require expert service for pipe repair or replacement, or to replace appliances rather than just leaking parts. Leaks are more prevalent in areas with well or hard water, which a water softener system can resolve.
How to Solve Water Leak Issues
There are several ways to solve common leaks. Fixing a leaky faucet is straightforward: Shut off the water supply, pull the washer out, and inspect for debris. If cleaning debris from the faucet and the gasket does not work, replacing the gasket is a good idea. If an exposed pipe is leaking, you can cut that piece of pipe out and replace it.
Fixing a leaking toilet may not be glamorous, but there is usually an easy solution. If the base leaks, the rubber gasket on the bottom must be replaced. After shutting the toilet’s water off, vacuum the remaining water, disconnect it from the floor, and replace the gasket. Any issues beyond these may require the assistance of a professional technician.
Leak Detection Tests
Two popular water detection tests are viable options: hydrostatic testing and isolation testing. The first method involves pressurizing the tank or pipe where the suspected leak is located, while monitoring water levels in the system. The isolation method blocks and pressurizes a specific part of a plumbing system.
Seven Proactive Ways to Detect Water Leaks
Although most leaks are repairable, it is best to catch them before they escalate and cause further damage. Below are a few simple and common ways to detect water leaks, along with some key red flags to look out for.
Another way to detect water leaks is by using an innovative water leak detection system.
Smart leak detection systems use sensors placed strategically around your home near or on appliances like dishwashers, sinks, toilets, or water heaters. Some models are battery-powered while others are plug-in. Either way, the sensors detect leaks and are an advantage to any homeowner. If these sensors are not an option, the following seven tried-and-true manual methods have been effective for a long time and remain accurate.
1. Check Your Utility Bill
This solution may not be immediately apparent, but comparing a new water bill to previous ones can help identify if the bill has increased. If so, this could indicate a water leak, possibly undetected, that needs to be addressed. It is a small leak, but if your bill keeps inching up, it is a good idea to call a professional to have it detected.
2. Water Meter Test
This idea is a little more labor-intensive but it is an excellent indicator of water leaks. Turn off all of the indoor faucets and check the outside water meter. If it is still running, you leak. Wait a couple of hours, recheck the readings, and compare them. If the meter moved, this is a good sign of a slow leak.
3. Water Pressure Test
This idea also requires all inside water to be turned off and can be used in conjunction with testing the meter for a second opinion. Connect a water pressure gauge with female hose threads to the washing machine’s cold water valve. Turn on the water to the indicator, and the reading will show the home’s water pressure. A reading of 30-80 PSI is considered normal for residential use. If you need to call a professional, jot this number down so they will readily know the water pressure.
4. Check Appliances for Leaks
Disconnect appliances one at a time while checking the meter and/or pressure gauge to see if this solves the problem. If so, the last appliance that was disconnected is the culprit. Knowing that the leak is not inside the wall but a single appliance, such as a water heater, can bring peace of mind.
5. Check for a Leaky Toilet
If the appliances check out, the next logical step is to check the toilet for leaks. Look for signs of water near the fittings going into the floor and underneath the back of the toilet. If any water is present, this is a solid indication that the toilet is leaking.
6. Water Drips
This solution is more of an observation than a test. Suppose there is apparent dampness in the kitchen, bathrooms, or laundry room. If so, perform the tests above to isolate the problem.
7. Signs to Look Out for
Unfortunately, water leaks have several red flags that are not so appealing. Mold is one of the most common issues, and can grow behind walls or under floors. An unpleasant smell, water stains, or peeling paint usually accompany it. This generally takes time to develop, so monitoring the monthly water bill for signs of increased usage can help prevent a leak from progressing to mildew or mold.
What to Do After Detecting a Leak in Your House
Depending on the severity of the leak, several additional steps may be necessary after discovering the source of the leak and having it repaired. Water can permanently damage wood, carpet, and other materials; therefore, shutting off the water source immediately after finding a leak is crucial to minimizing damage to susceptible areas.
If applicable, homeowners should document the damage for insurance claims and remove any standing water. Removing excess water will reduce the risks of mildew and mold, which can negatively affect one’s health. To do this, they can use towels, shop vacs, and mops.
If it is safe to turn on a fan without fear of electrocution, this will speed up the drying time and further reduce the growth of mold and mildew. Once everything is dry and there is no apparent moisture or mold, clean and disinfect the damaged areas to kill bacteria and viruses.
Minor water leaks can turn into disasters over time, depending on the root cause. Detecting potential leaks early can save time, money, and health issues. Often, homeowners can fix minor issues themselves, but sometimes, the repair is beyond the scope of simple home maintenance.
If there is a significant problem, it is best to call a technician, such as the experts here at APES HVAC, to resolve the issue before it escalates.